奥巴马上海演讲稿全文

洪七公

奥巴马上海演讲稿全文

2009年11月16日, 首次访华的美国总统奥巴马在上海科技博物馆与数百名中国学生对话，在对话前，奥巴马发表了演讲。以下为奥巴马演讲的中英文对照全文PRESIDENTOBAMA:  Good afternoon.  It is a great honor for me to be here in Shanghai, and to havethis opportunity to speak with all of you.  I'd like to thank Fudan University'sPresident Yang for his hospitality and his gracious welcome.  I'd alsolike to thank our outstanding Ambassador, Jon Huntsman, who exemplifies thedeep ties and respect between our nations.  I don't know what he said, butI hope it was good.  (Laughter.)

奥巴马总统：你们好。能够有机会在上海跟你们大家交谈，我深感荣幸。我要感谢复旦大学的杨校长，感谢他的款待和热情的欢迎。我还要感谢我们出色的大使洪博培，他代表了我们两国之间的深远联系和相互尊重。我不知道他刚才说什么，但是希望他说得不错。（笑声）

What I'd like to do is to make some opening comments, and thenwhat I'm really looking forward to doing is taking questions, not only fromstudents who are in the audience, but also we've received questions online,which will be asked by some of the students who are here in the audience, aswell as by Ambassador Huntsman.  And I am very sorry that my Chinese isnot as good as your English, but I am looking forward to this chance to have adialogue.

我今天准备先做一个开场白，但我真正希望做的是回答问题，不但回答在座的学生提出的问题，同时也回答从网上提出的一些问题，这些问题由在座的一些学生和洪博培大使代为提出。很抱歉，我的中文不如你们的英文，但我期待着这个和你们对话的机会。

This is my first time traveling to China, and I'm excited to see thismajestic country.  Here, in Shanghai,we see the growth that has caught the attention of the world -- the soaringskyscrapers, the bustling streets and entrepreneurial activity.  And justas I'm impressed by these signs of China'sjourney to the 21st century, I'm eager to see those ancient places that speakto us from China'sdistant past.  Tomorrow and the next day I hope to have a chance when I'min Beijing to see the majesty of the Forbidden City and the wonder of the Great Wall. Truly, this is a nation that encompasses both a rich history and a belief inthe promise of the future.

这是我首次访问中国，看到你们壮丽的国家，我感到很兴奋。在上海，我们看到了全球瞩目的发展——高耸的大厦、繁忙的街道、创业的动态。这些都是中国步入 21世纪的迹象，让我感到赞叹。同时，我也期盼看到向我们展现中国悠久历史的古迹。明天和后天我会在北京，希望有机会看到壮观的故宫和奇迹般的长城。的确，这是一个既有丰富的历史，又对未来的希望充满信心的国家。

The same can be said of the relationship between our twocountries.  Shanghai, of course, is a citythat has great meaning in the history of the relationship between the United States and China.  It was here, 37 yearsago, that the Shanghai Communique opened the door to a new chapter ofengagement between our governments and among our people.  However, America's ties to this city -- and to thiscountry -- stretch back further, to the earliest days of America'sindependence.

我们两国的关系也是如此。毫无疑问，上海在美中关系史上是一个具有重大意义的城市。正是在这里，37年前发布的《上海公报》（Shanghai Communique）开启了我们两国政府和两国人民接触交往的新篇章。然而，美国与这个城市以及这个国家的纽带可以追溯到更久远的过去，直至美国独立初期。

In 1784, our founding father, George Washington, commissionedthe Empress of China, a ship that set sail for these shores so that it couldpursue trade with the Qing Dynasty. Washingtonwanted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe, and to forge new tieswith nations like China. This is a common American
impulse -- the desire to reach for new horizons, and to forge new partnershipsthat are mutually beneficial.

1784年，我们的建国之父乔治·华盛顿主持了“中国女皇号”（Empress of China）的下水仪式。这条船前往中国海岸，寻求与清朝通商。华盛顿希望看到这条悬挂美国国旗的船前往世界各地，与像中国这样的国家缔结新的纽带。这是通常的美国人的愿望——希望达到新的地平线，建立新的、互利的伙伴关系。

Over the two centuries that have followed, the currents ofhistory have steered the relationship between our countries in manydirections.  And even in the midst of tumultuous winds, our people hadopportunities to forge deep and even dramatic ties. For instance, Americanswill never forget the hospitality shown
to our pilots who were shot down over your soil during World War II, and caredfor by Chinese civilians who risked all that they had by doing so.  AndChinese veterans of that war still warmly greet those American veterans whoreturn to the sites where they fought to help liberate China fromoccupation.

在此后的两个世纪中，历史洪流使我们两国关系向许多不同的方向发展，但即使在动荡的岁月中，两国人民也抓住机会发展了深入的、甚至极不平凡的关系。例如，美国人民永远不会忘记，二战期间，美国飞行员在中国上空被击落后，中国公民冒着失去一切的危险护理他们。参加过二战的中国老兵仍然热情欢迎故地重游的美国老兵，他们曾经在那里作战，帮助中国从占领下获得解放。

A different kind of connection was made nearly 40 years ago whenthe frost between our countries began to thaw through the simple game of tabletennis. The very unlikely nature of this engagement contributed to its success-- because for all our differences, both our common humanity and our sharedcuriosity were revealed.  As one American player described his visit to China -- "[The]people are just like us…Thecountry is very similar to America,but still very different."

近40年前，简单的乒乓球比赛带来了两国关系的解冻，使我们两国建立起另一种联系。这种接触令人意外，但却恰恰促成了其成功，因为尽管我们之间存在许多分歧，但是我们共同的人性和共同的好奇心得以从中显现。正如一位美国乒乓球队员在回忆对中国的访问时所说：“那里的人民和我们一样……这个国家和美国有许多相似之处，也有很大区别。”
Of course this small opening was followed by the achievement of the ShanghaiCommunique, and the eventual establishment of formal relations between theUnited States and China in 1979.  And in three decades, just look at howfar we have come.

无须赘言，这个小小的契机带来了《上海公报》的问世，并最终促使美中两国在1979年建立正式外交关系。请看在此后的30年，我们取得了多么长足的进展。

In 1979, trade between the United States and China stood at roughly $5 billion-- today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerce affects our people'slives in so many ways.  Americaimports from China many ofthe computer parts we use, the clothes we wear; and we export to China machinerythat helps power your industry.  This trade could create even more jobs onboth sides of the Pacific, while allowing our people to enjoy a better qualityof life.  And as demand becomes more balanced, it can lead to even broaderprosperity.

1979年，美中贸易额约为50亿美元，今天，年度贸易额已经超过4000亿美元。贸易在许多方面影响着两国人民的生活，美国电脑中的许多元件以及我们身穿的服装都是从中国进口的，我们向中国出口你们的工业需要的机器。这种贸易可以在太平洋两岸创造更多的就业机会，让我们的人民过上质量更高的生活。随着需求趋于平衡，繁荣的范围将进一步扩大。

In 1979, the political cooperation between the United States and Chinawas rooted largely in our shared rivalry with the Soviet Union.  Today, we have a positive, constructive andcomprehensive relationship that opens the door to partnership on the key globalissues of our time -- economic recovery and the development of clean energy;stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and the scourge of climate change; thepromotion of peace and security in Asia andaround the globe.  All of these issues will be on the agenda tomorrow whenI
meet with President Hu.

1979年，美中之间的政治合作主要立足于双方共同面对的竞争对手苏联。如今我们享有积极的、建设性的、全面的关系，为我们在当今时代的关键性全球问题上建立伙伴关系打开了大门，这些问题包括：经济复苏和清洁能源开发、制止核武器扩散和气候变化的影响、在亚洲及全球各地促进和平与安全。所有这些问题都是我明天与胡主席会谈的内容。

And in 1979, the connections among our people were limited.Today, we see the curiosity of those ping-pong players manifested in the tiesthat are being forged across many sectors.  The second highest number offoreign students in the United Statescome from China,and we've seen a 50 percent increase in the study of Chinese among our ownstudents.  There are nearly 200 "friendship cities" drawing ourcommunities together.  American and Chinese scientists cooperate on newresearch and discovery.  And of course, Yao Ming is just one signal of ourshared love of basketball -- I'm only sorry that I won't be able to see aShanghai Sharks game while I'm visiting.

1979年，我们两国人民的联系十分有限。今天，我们看到当年乒乓球队员的好奇心已经化为许多领域的纽带，中国留学生在美国的人数名列第二，而在美国学生中，学中文的人数增加了50%。我们两国有近200个友好城市，把我们的社区连接在一起。美中科学家合作进行新的研究与发现。而姚明是我们两国人民都热爱篮球的仅仅一个标志而已——令我遗憾的是，此行中我不能观看上海大鲨鱼队的比赛。

It is no coincidence that the relationship between our countrieshas accompanied a period of positive change.  China has lifted hundreds ofmillions of people out of poverty -- an accomplishment unparalleled in humanhistory -- while playing a larger role in global events.  And the United Stateshas seen our economy grow along with the standard of living enjoyed by ourpeople, while bringing the Cold War to a successful conclusion.

我们两国之间的关系相伴着一个积极变化的时期，这不是偶然的。中国实现了亿万人民脱贫，这一成就史无前例，同时，中国在全球问题中也在发挥更大的作用。美国在促使冷战顺利结束的同时，经济也取得了增长，人民的生活水平提高。

There is a Chinese proverb:  "Consider the past, andyou shall know the future." Surely, we have known setbacks and challengesover the last 30 years.  Our relationship has not been withoutdisagreement and difficulty.  But the notion that we must be adversariesis not predestined -- not when we consider the past. Indeed, because of ourcooperation, both the United Statesand Chinaare more
prosperous and more secure.  We have seen what is possible when we buildupon
our mutual interests, and engage on the basis of mutual respect.

中国有句名言：“温故而知新。”当然，过去30年中我们也曾遇到挫折和挑战，我们的关系不是没有分歧和困难。但是，“我们必然是对手”的概念并非是注定不变的——回顾过去不会是这样。由于我们的合作，美中两国都更加繁荣、更加安全。我们已经看到我们本着共同的利益和相互的尊重去努力所能取得的成果。

And yet the success of that engagement depends uponunderstanding -- on sustaining an open dialogue, and learning about one anotherand from one another.  For just as that American table tennis playerpointed out -- we share much in common as human beings, but our countries aredifferent in certain ways.

可是，这种接触的成功取决于理解，取决于继续进行开诚布公的对话，相互了解，相互学习。正如前面提到的那位美国乒乓球队员所说——作为人，我们有着许多共同之处，但是我们两国在某些方面存在着差别。

I believe that each country must chart its own course.  China is anancient nation, with a deeply rooted culture.  The United States,by comparison, is a young nation, whose culture is determined by the manydifferent immigrants who have come to our shores, and by the founding documentsthat guide our democracy.
Those documents put forward a simple vision of human affairs, and they enshrineseveral core principles -- that all men and women are created equal, andpossess certain fundamental rights; that government should reflect the will ofthe people and respond to their wishes; that commerce should be open,information
freely accessible; and that laws, and not simply men, should guarantee theadministration of justice.

我认为每个国家都必须规划自己的前进方向。中国是一个文明古国，文化深远。而美国相对而言是一个年轻的国家，它的文化由来自许多不同国家的移民以及指导我国民主制度的建国纲领所形成。这些纲领中提出了对人类事务的简单明了的瞩望，并包含了一些核心原则——不论男女人人生而平等，都享有某些基本权利；政府应当反映民意，并对人民的愿望作出回应；商贸应该是开放的，信息应该自由流通；司法保障应该来自法治而不是人治。

Of course, the story of our nation is not without its difficultchapters.  In many ways -- over many years -- we have struggled to advancethe promise of these principles to all of our people, and to forge a moreperfect union.  We fought a very painful civil war, and freed a portion ofour population from slavery.  It took time for women to be extended theright to vote, workers to win the right to organize, and for immigrants fromdifferent corners of the globe to be fully embraced.  Even after they werefreed, African Americans persevered through conditions that were separate andnot equal, before winning full and equal rights.

当然，我国的历史也并非没有困难的篇章。在很多方面，在很长的时间里，我们要通过斗争去实现这些原则对全体人民的承诺，缔造一个更趋完善的联邦。我们曾打过一场很痛苦的南北战争，将我国的一部分人口从奴役下解放出来。妇女获得投票权、劳工赢得组织权、来自世界各地的移民得到完全的接纳——这些都是经过了一段时间才实现的。非洲裔美国人即使在获得自由后依然生活在被隔离和不平等的条件下，他们经过不懈努力才最终赢得全面、平等的权利。

None of this was easy.  But we made progress because of ourbelief in those core principles, which have served as our compass through thedarkest of storms. That is why Lincolncould stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to seewhether any nation, conceived in liberty, and "dedicated to theproposition that all men are created equal" could long endure. That is whyDr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and askthat our nation live out the true meaning of its creed.  That's whyimmigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunityis available to
all who would work for it; and why someone like me, who less than 50 years agowould have had trouble voting in some parts of America, is now able to serve asits President.

所有这些都不曾轻而易举。但是，由于我们对这些核心原则的坚定信念，我们取得了进步，这些原则指引我们冲过了最黑暗的风暴。这就是为什么林肯能在南北战争中挺身而出并宣布，这是一场考验一个孕育于自由之中、“忠实于人人生而平等这一原则”的国家能否永存的斗争。这也就是为什么马丁·路德·金博士能够站立在林肯纪念堂的台阶上，要求我们的国家实践自身信仰的真正含义。这也就是为什么来自从中国到肯尼亚的各国移民能够在我国的土地上安家；为什么所有努力寻求机会的人都能获得机会；为什么像我这种在不到50年前在美国的某些地方连投票都遇到困难的人，现在能够出任这个国家的总统。
And that is why Americawill always speak out for these core principles around the world.  We do not seek to impose any system of government on any other nation, but wealso don't believe that the principles that we stand for are unique to ournation.  These freedoms of expression_r_r_r and worship -- of access toinformation and political participation -- we believe are universalrights.  They should be available to all people, including ethnic andreligious minorities -- whether they are in the United States, China,or any nation.  Indeed, it is that respect for universal rights thatguides America'sopenness to other countries; our respect for different cultures; our commitmentto international law; and our faith in the future.

这就是为什么美国一直在全世界为这些核心原则而大声疾呼。我们不寻求把任何政治体制强加给任何别的国家，但是我们也不认为我们主张的这些原则是我们国家所独有的。表达自由和宗教信仰自由——获得信息和政治参与的自由——我们认为这些自由都是普世的权利，所有人都应当享有，包括少数民族和宗教少数派，不管是在美国、中国还是在任何其他国家。正是对普世权利的尊重指导着美国向其他国家开放，尊重各种不同的文化，致力于遵守国际法，并对未来抱有信念。

These are all things that you should know about America. I also know that we have much to learn about China.  Looking around at thismagnificent city -- and looking around this room -- I do believe that ournations hold something important in common, and that is a belief in thefuture.  Neither the United Statesnor Chinais content to rest on our achievements.  For while China is an ancientnation, you are also clearly looking ahead with confidence, ambition, and acommitment to see that tomorrow's generation can do better than today's.

这些都是你们应当了解的美国的情况。我也知道中国有很多有待我们了解的情况。环顾一下这座伟大的城市——环顾一下这个大厅——我确信我们两个国家有一个很重要的共同点，那就是我们对未来的信念。美国和中国都不想满足于已取得的成就，止步不前。虽然中国是一个古老的国家，但你们显然也对未来满怀信心、雄心和使年轻一代能比这一代人更有作为的决心。

In addition to your growing economy, we admire China'sextraordinary commitment to science and research -- a commitment borne out ineverything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you use.  China is nowthe world's largest Internet user -- which is why we were so pleased to includethe Internet as a part of today's event.  This country now has the world'slargest mobile phone network, and it is investing in the new forms of energythat can both sustain growth and combat climate change -- and I'm lookingforward to deepening the partnership between the United States and China inthis critical area tomorrow.  But above all, I see China's futurein you -- young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so muchto help shape the 21st century.

我们不但钦佩中国日益增长的经济，还赞赏你们在科学研究方面极不平凡的努力——从你们建设的基础设施到你们使用的技术，均体现出这种努力。中国现在是世界上最大的互联网使用国——这也是我们今天很高兴能把互联网作为此次活动的一部分的原因。这个国家目前拥有世界上最大的移动电话网络，它正在投资发展既能维持可持续增长，又能应对气候变化的新型能源——我期待着明天在这个至关重要的领域中深化两国的合作关系。然而，最重要的是，我在你们身上看到了中国的未来 ——年轻一代的聪明才智、献身精神和梦想将为塑造21世纪发挥巨大作用。

I've said many times that I believe that our world is nowfundamentally interconnected.  The jobs we do, the prosperity we build,the environment we protect, the security that we seek -- all of these thingsare shared.  And given that interconnection, power in the 21st century isno longer a zero-sum game; one country's success need not come at the expenseof another.  And that is why the United States insists we do not seek to contain China'srise.  On the contrary, we welcome Chinaas a strong and prosperous and successful member of the community of nations --a Chinathat draws on the rights, strengths, and creativity of individual Chinese likeyou.

我已说过多次，我相信我们现在的世界是紧密相连的。我们所做的工作，我们所建设的繁荣，我们所保护的环境，以及我们所寻求的安全——所有这一切都是共有的。鉴于这种相互联系，在21世纪，权力不应再成为一场零和游戏；一国的成功发展不应以他国为代价。这也就是为什么美国坚决表示我们不谋求遏制中国的崛起。恰恰相反，我们欢迎中国成为国际社会中一个强大、繁荣、成功的成员——一个从你们这样的每个中国人的权利、实力和创造力中获得力量的中国。

To return to the proverb -- consider the past.  We knowthat more is to be gained when great powers cooperate than when theycollide.  That is a lesson that human beings have learned time and again,and that is the example of the history between our nations.  And I believestrongly that cooperation must go beyond our government.  It must berooted in our people -- in the studies we share, the business that we do, theknowledge that we gain, and even in the sports that we play.  And thesebridges must be built by young men and women just like you and yourcounterparts in America.

回到前面提到的那句古语——回顾过去。我们知道，大国之间选择合作而非对抗会带来更大的惠益。这是人类不断汲取的一个教训，我们两国的关系史中也不乏其例。我深信，合作必须不止于政府间的合作。合作必须植根于我们的人民——植根于我们共同进行的研究，我们的商贸活动，我们所学到的知识，乃至我们的体育运动。这些桥梁必须由你们这样的年轻人和美国的年轻人共同构筑。

That's why I'm pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expand thenumber of our students who study in China to 100,000.  And theseexchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people, as surely asyou will help determine the destiny of the 21st century.  And I'mabsolutelyconfident that Americahas no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. For they, just likeyou, are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that isyet to be written.

因此，我高兴地宣布，美国准备将在中国留学的美国学生人数大幅度增加到10万人。这种交流是对在我们两国人民之间建立联系的明确承诺，毫无疑问，你们将帮助决定21世纪的命运。我完全相信，对美·来说，再好的使者莫过于我们的年轻人。因为他们和你们一样，才华横溢，充满活力，对有待书写的历史篇章充满乐观。

So let this be the next step in the steady pursuit ofcooperation that will serve our nations, and the world.  And if there'sone thing that we can take from today's dialogue, I hope that it is acommitment to continue this dialogue going forward.

那么，就让这个举措成为我们稳步寻求合作的下一个步骤，这种合作有利于我们两国乃至整个世界。如果能从今天的对话中得到一点启示的话，我希望那就是致力于今后继续进行这种对话。

So thank you very much.  And I look forward now to takingsome questions from all of you.  Thank you very much.  (Applause.)

非常感谢诸位。现在我希望回答你们大家提出的一些问题。非常感谢。（掌声。）